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Equilibrio químico


químicaelectrolito




En química, una base fuerte es un tipo de electrolito de carácter fuerte (esto es, que se ioniza completamente en solución acuosa en condiciones de presión y temperatura constantes). Además, fundamentalmente, es capaz de aceptar protones H+. Una reacción de este tipo viene dada por:


BOH→B++OH−displaystyle BOHrightarrow B^++OH^-

para bases hidroxílicas, y


BX→B−+X+displaystyle BXrightarrow B^-+X^+

B−+H2O→BH+OH−displaystyle B^-+H_2Orightarrow BH+OH^-

para bases no hidroxílicas.


Ejemplos de Bases Fuertes:


  • NaOH, Hidróxido de sodio

  • LiOH, Hidróxido de litio

  • KOH, Hidróxido de potasio

Hay otras bases fuertes no hidroxílicas, cuya fuerza se entiende según la segunda reacción mostrada antes. Algunos ejemplos importantes son:


  • n-BuLi, n-butil-litio

  • C6H14LiN, diisopropilamida de litio o LDA

  • NaNH2, amiduro de sodio

  • NaH, hidruro de sodio


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