Schizophyta Clasificación Menú de navegación

Sistema EnglerSistema WettsteinProcariota


CohnvegetalMoneraARN70s




El término Schizophyta fue acuñado por Cohn en 1875, clasificando a los aún no definidos como procariontes dentro del reino vegetal, pues antes de ese momento eran considerados "animálculos".


Los dividía en dos grupos:



  • Schizophyceae. De las algas azul-verdosas. De: schizo=partición, phyceae=alga.


  • Schizomycetes o Schizomyceae. De las bacterias. De: schizo=partición, myco=hongo.

Aludiendo en ambos casos a la forma de reproducción bacteriana por división binaria y a sus diferentes metabolismos.


Schizophyta aparece como una rama del Reino vegetal de los sistemas de clasificación de:



  • sistema Engler de 1924 (División).


  • sistema Wettstein de 1934 (Filo).

Estos sistemas fueron superados por las sucesivas nuevas taxonomías con términos tales como Protophyta, Procaryotae, Monera y actualmente se usa Archaea y Bacteria, fundamentalmente por el avance del estudio del ARN a partir de los años 70s.


Se definió a Schyzophyta como los seres vivos de menor tamaño que se conocen; en un espacio de un milímetro lineal caben en fila 200 a 1.000 individuos, es decir podemos estimar su tamaño entre 5 a 1 micras. Se conocen alrededor de 1.600 especies. Para el estudio de los seres microscópicos se adoptó como unidad de medida la micra que equivale a una milésima de milímetro.



Clasificación


Una de las clasificaciones tradicionales de las bacterias va de acuerdo con su morfología.


  • De forma redondeada, sin cilias

Cocos. Se llaman micrococos si aparecen aislados: diplococos, en número de dos; estafilococos reunidos en racimos, estreptococos agrupados en forma de cadena.


  • De forma alargada como bastoncitos, muchos con cilias

Bacilos.



  • De forma espiral

    • Rígidos: Espirilos


    • Con espirales flexibles: Espiroquetas


    • Cortos, con apenas una espira: Vibriones.


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