Linaria (planta) Algunas especies Usos medicinales Enlaces externos Menú de navegación

Linaria


génerobotánicoespeciesplantasanualesperennesherbáceasfamiliaScrophulariaceaegenéticaPlantaginaceaeEuropaÁfricaAsiaregión mediterráneanombre científicolinoeuropeacosmopolitaFloressin.malezaNorteaméricaMediterráneojardineríatallostóxicasmalezas de lucha obligtorialarvasLepidopteralaxantediuréticoedemaictericiahemorroidesúlcerasojosinflamadosembarazadastóxico




Este artículo trata sobre el género de plantas. Para otros usos de este término, véase Linaria.


















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Linaria

Linaria.alpina.web.jpg
Linaria alpina

Taxonomía

Reino:
Plantae
Subreino:
Tracheobionta

División:
Magnoliophyta

Clase:
Magnoliopsida

Orden:
Lamiales

Familia:
Scrophulariaceae

Tribu:
Antirrhineae

Género:
Linaria
Mill. 1754
Especies

Cerca de 100 especies; ver texto


[editar datos en Wikidata]

Linaria es un género botánico de cerca de 100 especies de plantas anuales y perennes herbáceas, tradicionalmente en la familia Scrophulariaceae. Debido a estudios de genética, ahora está en la familia vastamente expandida Plantaginaceae.


Género nativo de regiones templadas de Europa, norte de África, Asia, con la mayor diversidad de spp. en la región mediterránea.


Los miembros de este género se conocen como "palomitas", un nombre compartido con varios géneros relacionados. El nombre científico significa "parecido a Linum" (lino), ya que el follaje de algunas especies lo recuerda superficialmente.


Géneros emparentados incluye a Nuttallanthus (recientemente divididos en Linaria), Antirrhinum, Cymbalaria.



Algunas especies



Especies de Linaria:






  • Linaria aeruginea

  • Linaria algarviana

  • Linaria alpina

  • Linaria amethystea

  • Linaria amoi

  • Linaria angustissima

  • Linaria anticaria

  • Linaria arenaria

  • Linaria arvensis

  • Linaria badalii

  • Linaria biebersteinii

  • Linaria bipartita

  • Linaria bipunctata

  • Linaria bungei

  • Linaria buriatica

  • Linaria caesia

  • Linaria capraria

  • Linaria cavanillesii

  • Linaria chalepensis

  • Linaria clementei

  • Linaria coutinhoi

  • Linaria cretacea

  • Linaria debilis

  • Linaria depauperata

  • Linaria diffusa

  • Linaria elegans

  • Linaria faucicola

  • Linaria ficalhoana

  • Linaria filicaulis

  • Linaria flava


  • Linaria genistifolia

  • Linaria glacialis

  • Linaria glauca

  • Linaria hellenica

  • Linaria heterophylla

  • Linaria hirta

  • Linaria huteri

  • Linaria incarnata

  • Linaria incompleta

  • Linaria imzica

  • Linaria japonica

  • Linaria kulabensis

  • Linaria lamarckii

  • Linaria latifolia

  • Linaria laxiflora

  • Linaria lilacina

  • Linaria loeselii

  • Linaria longicalcarata

  • Linaria macroura

  • Linaria maroccana

  • Linaria micrantha

  • Linaria microsepala

  • Linaria nevadensis

  • Linaria nigricans

  • Linaria nivea

  • Linaria oblongifolia

  • Linaria odora

  • Linaria oligantha

  • Linaria pedunculata

  • Linaria pelisseriana


  • Linaria peloponnesiaca

  • Linaria pinifolia

  • Linaria platycalyx

  • Linaria propinqua

  • Linaria pseudolaxiflora

  • Linaria purpurea

  • Linaria reflexa

  • Linaria repens

  • Linaria reticulata

  • Linaria ricardoi

  • Linaria sabulosa

  • Linaria sagittata

  • Linaria saturejoides

  • Linaria saxatilis

  • Linaria simplex

  • Linaria spartea

  • Linaria supina

  • Linaria thibetica

  • Linaria thymifolia

  • Linaria tonzigii

  • Linaria triornithophora

  • Linaria triphylla

  • Linaria tristis

  • Linaria uralensis

  • Linaria ventricosa

  • Linaria verticillata

  • Linaria viscosa

  • Linaria vulgaris

  • Linaria yunnanensis





Linaria canadensis en Australia.


Linaria vulgaris es una especie europea muy cosmopolita. Flores amarillas y anaranjadas, muy vistas en sitios de derrumbes y residuos.


Linaria genistifolia, sin. L. dalmatica es nativa del sudeste europeo; maleza en partes de Norteamérica.


Linaria purpurea nativa del Mediterráneo, planta popular de jardinería, con tallos erectos de más de 1 m de altura a plena madurez, y numerosas flores purpúreas o rosadas.


Linaria repens del oeste europeo, similar a L. purpurea, pero con flores más pálidas.


Como las spp. de Linaria son tóxicas al ganado, las plantas se ubican como malezas de lucha obligtoria. Sin embrgo, son comidas por las larvas de algunas spp. de Lepidoptera: Amphipyra tragopoginis, Junonia coenia.





  • Linaria maroccana







  • Linaria purpurea







  • Linaria vulgaris





Usos medicinales


Son básicamente valoradas por su actividad fuertemente laxante y diurético. Internamente, se usan para tratar edema, ictericia, enfermedades hepáticas y problemas de piel. Externamente como un aceite para hemorroides, erupciones de piel, soros u úlceras. El jugo de la planta es un buen remedio para ojos inflamados, aunque debe usarse con cuidado. La dosis es crítica y no debe darse a embarazadas, ya que es ligeramente tóxico.



Enlaces externos



  • Wikimedia Commons alberga una categoría multimedia sobre Linaria.


  • Wikispecies tiene un artículo sobre Linaria (planta).


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